HSK 1 Vocabulary List

127 new entries · 150 six-level cumulative target · A1

HSK 1 is the starting point for practical Mandarin. ToneDeck assigns 127 normalised, high-frequency entries to this level, covering greetings, numbers, family, food and the language of simple everyday needs.

ToneDeck stores each unique word at the first HSK level where it appears. This page therefore shows the 127 entries introduced at HSK 1; your cumulative ToneDeck path through this level contains 127 normalised entries. The established six-level benchmark is 150 cumulative words. HSK 3.0 expands the system to nine levels and remains in staged rollout. Read the current HSK 3.0 guide before booking an exam.

What HSK 1 covers

Level

Beginner

Published six-level mapping: A1

Vocabulary

150 words

Established cumulative target

Exam skills

Listening · Reading

Core skills assessed at this level

What you should be able to do

Understand and use very simple phrases, introduce yourself, ask basic questions and meet immediate communication needs when the other person speaks clearly.

Vocabulary topics

GreetingsNumbersFamilyFood and drinkTime and datesPlacesBasic actionsSimple questions

Grammar focus

  • Basic subject-verb-object order
  • 是 for identity
  • 有 for possession
  • 在 for location
  • 的 for possession
  • 吗 and question words
  • 不 and 没 for negation
  • Common measure words

Tone and pronunciation focus

Sound natural at HSK 1

Build a clean four-tone foundation. Practise first, second, third and fourth tones in isolation, then learn the neutral tone and the third-tone change in 你好 (nǐ hǎo, pronounced ní hǎo).

A practical HSK 1 study plan

01

Hear the contrast

Compare the same syllable across all four tones until each contour is easy to identify.

02

Build tiny sentences

Turn each new word into a useful two-to-five-word phrase instead of memorising an isolated translation.

03

Review every day

Use short spaced-repetition sessions and say each answer aloud before revealing it.

Study tip

Learn every word as a sound, not just a spelling. Hear it, repeat it with the correct tone, then recall it inside a short sentence before moving on.

Practise HSK 1 tones with audio

ToneDeck plays every word with native audio and colours pinyin by tone. HSK 1 is free - no account needed.

Start free

The 127 new HSK 1 entries

Work through earlier levels as well to reach the cumulative HSK 1target. Variant spellings and duplicate forms are consolidated, so ToneDeck's unique-entry count can differ from the official vocabulary benchmark.

Pinyin colour key: tone 1 (high flat), tone 2 (rising), tone 3 (dipping), tone 4 (falling), neutral/mixed.

你好
nǐ hǎo
hello
谢谢
xièxie
thank you
对不起
duìbuqǐ
sorry / excuse me
没关系
méi guānxi
it's okay
再见
zàijiàn
goodbye
qǐng
please
不客气
bú kèqi
you're welcome
hǎo
good
I / me
you
he / him
she / her
我们
wǒmen
we / us
你们
nǐmen
you (plural)
他们
tāmen
they / them
zhè
this
that
shì
to be / yes
yǒu
to have
lái
to come
to go
chī
to eat
to drink
kàn
to look / watch
shuō
to speak / say
tīng
to listen
xiě
to write
to read
xué
to study / learn
ài
to love
xiǎng
to want / think
mǎi
to buy
mài
to sell
jiào
to be called
zuò
to do / make
zhù
to live
zuò
to sit
zǒu
to walk / go
kāi
to open
guān
to close
big
xiǎo
small
duō
many / much
shǎo
few / little
guì
expensive
lěng
cold
hot
kuài
fast
màn
slow
高兴
gāoxìng
happy
rén
person
老师
lǎoshī
teacher
学生
xuésheng
student
朋友
péngyou
friend
jiā
home / family
爸爸
bàba
father
妈妈
māma
mother
shuǐ
water
fàn
meal / rice
米饭
mǐfàn
cooked rice
面条
miàntiáo
noodles
苹果
píngguǒ
apple
chá
tea
咖啡
kāfēi
coffee
牛奶
niúnǎi
milk
one
èr
two
sān
three
four
five
liù
six
seven
eight
jiǔ
nine
shí
ten
bǎi
hundred
qiān
thousand
今天
jīntiān
today
明天
míngtiān
tomorrow
昨天
zuótiān
yesterday
现在
xiànzài
now
时候
shíhou
time / when
nián
year
yuè
month
day
上午
shàngwǔ
morning / AM
下午
xiàwǔ
afternoon / PM
中国
Zhōngguó
China
日本
Rìběn
Japan
美国
Měiguó
USA
英国
Yīngguó
UK
北京
Běijīng
Beijing
上海
Shànghǎi
Shanghai
学校
xuéxiào
school
医院
yīyuàn
hospital
超市
chāoshì
supermarket
饭店
fàndiàn
restaurant / hotel
什么
shénme
what
which
shéi
who
哪里
nǎlǐ
where
怎么
zěnme
how
多少
duōshǎo
how many / how much
how many
not / no
没有
méiyǒu
don't have / not
also / too
dōu
all / both
hěn
very
tài
too / excessively
le
(completed action)
ma
(question particle)
ne
(and you?)
de
(possessive particle)
qián
money
kuài
yuan (informal)
yuán
yuan (formal)
多少钱
duōshǎo qián
how much?
chē
vehicle / car
飞机
fēijī
airplane
火车
huǒchē
train
出租车
chūzū chē
taxi
地铁
dìtiě
subway / metro
tóu
head
shǒu
hand
眼睛
yǎnjing
eyes
bìng
illness / sick

Frequently asked questions

How many words are in HSK 1?+

The established six-level HSK benchmark is 150 cumulative words. ToneDeck's normalised deck contains 127 unique entries assigned to HSK 1 after duplicate and variant forms are consolidated.

How long does it take to learn HSK 1?+

Many beginners can cover the material in four to eight weeks with 15 to 20 minutes of focused daily practice. Reliable listening and pronunciation matter more than racing through the list.

Do I need to write Chinese characters for HSK 1?+

The HSK 1 written test focuses on listening and reading. Character recognition is useful, but beginners can prioritise pinyin, tones and meaning before handwriting.

Is HSK 1 enough for a conversation?+

It is enough for greetings, prices, simple requests and rehearsed exchanges. Flexible conversation develops as you add HSK 2 and HSK 3 vocabulary and grammar.

Other HSK vocabulary lists

Ready to train your Mandarin tones?

ToneDeck combines this vocabulary with audio drills, spaced repetition, and an ear-training quiz so you learn the sounds, not just the definitions.

Start free - HSK 1 included

Get the tones right first

Vocabulary only sticks if the tones are accurate. These guides cover the tone system behind every word above.

New to Mandarin tones? Read how to learn the four Mandarin tones or go back to the ToneDeck home page.